Disrupted resting-state EEG alpha-band interactions as a novel marker for the severity of visual field deficits after brain lesion

ObjectiveHomonymous visual field deficits (HFVDs) are frequent following brain lesions. Current restoration treatments aim at activating areas of residual vision through numerous stimuli, but show limited effect. Recent findings suggest that spontaneous neural α-band coupling is more efficient for enabling visual perception in healthy humans than task-induced activations. Here, we evaluated whether it is also associated with the severity of HFVD.MethodsTen patients with HFVDs after brain damage in the subacute to chronic stage and ten matched healthy controls underwent visual stimulation with alternating checkerboards and electroencephalography recordings of stimulation-induced power changes and of spontaneous neural interactions during rest.ResultsVisual areas of the affected hemisphere showed reduced event-related power decrease in α and β frequency bands, but also reduced spontaneous α-band interactions during rest, as compared to contralesional areas and healthy controls. A multivariate stepwise regression retained the degree of disruption of spontaneous interactions, but not the reduced task-induced power changes as predictor for the severity of the visual deficit.ConclusionsSpontaneous α-band interactions of visual areas appear as a better marker for the severity of HFVDs than task-induced activations.SignificanceTreatment attempts of HFVDs should try to enhance spontaneous α-band coupling of structurally intact ipsilesional areas.     

联合干预治疗剖宫产产后出血的临床疗效分析

目的分析宫腔填纱配合米索前列醇局部给药治疗剖宫产产后出血临床疗效。方法选取我院收治的90例剖宫产产后出血患者的资料,其入院时间为2018年1月—2019年6月。按照其入院时间的先后来进行分组—对照组(n=45,常规治疗干预)和观察组(n=45,采取宫腔填纱配合米索前列醇局部给药治疗)。对两组患者不同时间点的出血状况进行统计,且观察其血红蛋白水平治疗前后的变化。结果在两组产后2 h、24 h、48 h出血量上比较,观察组低于对照组,差异具有统计学意义(P<0.05);在治疗前,两组患者的血红蛋白水平差异无统计学意义(P>0.05);在治疗后,观察组优于对照组(P<0.05)。结论宫腔填纱配合米索前列醇局部给药治疗剖宫产产后出血的疗效显著。     

Early axonal loss predicts long-term disability in chronic inflammatory demyelinating polyneuropathy

ObjectiveTo investigate early pre-treatment nerve fiber loss as a predictor of long-term clinical outcome in chronic inflammatory demyelinating polyneuropathy (CIDP).MethodsIn 14 patients, motor and sensory conduction studies of the median, fibular, and sural nerves were performed at pre-treatment and follow-up 11–28 years later. Z-scores of amplitudes were combined as biomarkers of axonal loss and Z-scores of conduction properties as demyelination scores. The axonal loss was further examined by electromyography (EMG) and motor unit number estimation. Axonal and demyelination scores were compared to clinical outcomes in the Inflammatory Rasch-built Overall Disability Scale, the Neuropathy Impairment Score, and dynamometry.ResultsAt follow-up 12 patients walked independently, one needed support and one could not walk. The initial and follow-up axonal and demyelination scores were markedly abnormal. The initial axonal loss but not demyelination was strongly associated with both the follow-up axonal loss and the clinical measures. Moreover, delay of treatment initiation negatively influenced the axonal scores and clinical outcomes.ConclusionIn this hypothesis generating limited study, we found that axonal loss at early CIDP was highly predictive for long-term nerve fiber loss and disability.SignificanceThe study indicates that prompt initiation of treatment to prevent nerve fiber loss is necessary for outcome in CIDP.     

福建省新型冠状病毒肺炎中医证型探讨

按中医因地制宜的理论,根据武汉市与福建省不同的地理气候,福建省与武汉市新型冠状病毒肺炎中医证候差异,提出国家新型冠状病毒肺炎指南的证型不能完全覆盖福建省的全部病例,福建省应增加"湿热郁肺证",并提出"湿热郁肺证"的临床表现、治则治法与方药。     

基于UPLC-LTQ-Orbitrap-MS分析刺果番荔枝叶的化学成分

目的利用UPLC-LTQ-Orbitrap-MS技术对刺果番荔枝叶的化学成分进行定性分析。方法采用Waters Acquity UPLC HSS T 3色谱柱(2.1 mm×100 mm,1.8μm),流动相为0.1%甲酸水(A)和乙腈(B)梯度洗脱,流速为0.3 mL/min,进样量2μL,在电喷雾正负离子模式下采集数据。经Reaxys数据库检索番荔枝属类化合物信息,通过质谱信息比对各化合物的m/z值、保留时间、质谱特征碎片等,并结合文献数据对鉴定的化合物进行验证。结果根据各化合物的特征裂解规律,从刺果番荔枝叶中共鉴定出45个化合物,包括16个生物碱类,14个番荔枝内酯类,7个黄酮类和8个其他类化合物,其中以番荔枝内酯类和生物碱类成分居多,与文献报道番荔枝内酯与生物碱类化合物是发挥抗癌的主要活性成分一致。结论利用UPLC-LTQ-Orbitrap-MS技术对刺果番荔枝叶中的化学成分进行了快速、准确的定性分析,为刺果番荔枝叶的提取分离与药效物质基础的研究提供依据。     

125I粒子近距离治疗外放疗后复发唾液腺癌

目的:探讨 ¹²⁵I粒子近距离治疗外放疗后复发唾液腺癌的临床应用与疗效。方法:收集2004年7月至 2016年7月收治的43例接受外放疗或手术联合外放疗后头颈部唾液腺癌复发患者,按照头颈部癌常规分割放射治疗方案(每天1次,每次1.8~2.0 Gy,每周照射5 d)计算本组患者既往累积放射治疗剂量:7例患者50 Gy以下,26例患者50~60 Gy,4例患者60~70 Gy,6例患者80 Gy以上(80~120 Gy)。患者末次外放疗至局部复发时间间隔为4~204个月,中位时间间隔为48个月。43例患者中,25例单纯行¹²⁵I粒子近距离治疗,18例行手术切除后¹²⁵I粒子近距离治疗,近距离治疗的处方剂量为100~140 Gy。术后随访观察,统计局部控制率、生存率及无病生存率,评价毒副反应。结果:中位随访时间27个月(2.5~149.0个月),其中,腺样囊性癌患者中位随访时间31个月(2.5~112.0个月),黏液表皮样癌患者中位随访时间18个月(5~149个月)。1、3和5年局部控制率分别为66.5%、48.8%和42.7%,生存率分别为88.0%、56.7%和45.8%,无病生存率分别为58.3%、45.4%和38.1%。单纯粒子近距离治疗组与手术切除后粒子近距离治疗组在局部控制率、生存率和无病生存率上差异无统计学意义。急性放疗反应Ⅰ/Ⅱ级2例,Ⅲ级及以上3例;晚期放疗反应Ⅰ/Ⅱ级8例,Ⅲ级及以上3例;Ⅲ级及以上放疗反应发生率为7%。结论:¹²⁵I粒子近距离治疗为治疗外放疗后复发唾液腺癌提供了可供选择的治疗方法,在毒副反应发生率较低的前提下提高了局部控制率和生存率。     

Outcome of Dual Mobility Constructs for Adverse Local Tissue Reaction Associated Abductor Deficiency in Revision Total Hip Arthroplasty

BackgroundTreatment of adverse local tissue reaction (ALTR) is challenging owing to high complications and poor outcomes after a revision surgery. As dislocation is the most common cause of reoperation, it is often necessary to use advanced articulations such as dual mobility. This study aims to evaluate the outcome and complication rates after revision surgery with dual mobility constructs, compared to constrained and conventional articulations in the setting of significant abductor deficiency due to ALTR.MethodsOut of a total of 338 revision total hip arthroplasties for ALTR, 234 patients with a significant tissue necrosis and abductor muscle insufficiency (grade 3) were evaluated. The complication rates after revisions were compared between 42 hips with dual mobility implants, 24 hips with constrained liners, 104 hips with large diameter heads (36-40 mm), and 64 hips with small diameter heads (≤32 mm).ResultsAfter an average of 4 years of follow-up (2.8-8.6), the dual mobility articulation had no dislocation, compared to 4.1% and 15.5% for constrained liner and conventional articulations, respectively (P < .001). Utilization of dual mobility and constrained liner cup also did not increase the risk of nondislocation complications, including periprosthetic joint infection and periprosthetic fracture (P = .18 and .52).ConclusionsThis study demonstrates significantly lower dislocation rates for dual mobility when compared to conventional articulations and comparable to constrained liners in cases of severe abductor deficiency due to ALTR, suggesting that dual mobility implants are viable surgical treatment alternatives to constrained liners to minimize dislocation during revision total hip arthroplasty in the setting of significant abductor deficiency due to ALTR.     

Extended Synchronous Variational Integrators for Wave Propagations on Non-Uniform Meshes

This paper is concerned with the classical problem of wave propagation in discrete models of nonuniform resolution. We extend the traditional asynchronous variational integrators (AVIs) method to higher order and couple different spatial elements to adapt to nonuniform meshes. We show that the extension of AVIs method is stable, convergent and may reduce the spurious inter-grid reflection across meshes with different sizes. Numerical experiments are provided to verify the stability and convergence of the extended AVIs. The total energy is numerically conserved in our experiments.     

Intraoperative cerebral blood flow monitoring in neurosurgery: A review of contemporary technologies and emerging perspectives

Intraoperative monitoring of cerebral blood flow (CBF) has become an invaluable adjunct to vascular and oncological neurosurgery, reducing the risk of postoperative morbidity and mortality. Several technologies have been developed during the last two decades, including laser-based techniques, videomicroscopy, intraoperative MRI, indocyanine green angiography, and thermography. Although these technologies have been thoroughly studied and clinically applied outside the operative room, current practice lacks an optimal technology that perfectly fits the workflow within the neurosurgical operative room. The different available technologies have specific strengths but suffer several drawbacks, mainly including limited spatial and/or temporal resolution. An optimal CBF monitoring technology should meet particular criteria for intraoperative use: excellent spatial and temporal resolution, integration in the operative workflow, real-time quantitative monitoring, ease of use, and non-contact technique. We here review the main contemporary technologies for intraoperative CBF monitoring and their current and potential future applications in neurosurgery.     

2018年中国科技论文统计与分析简报

【目的】 了解中国科技人员在国内外期刊发表论文情况,为各级管理部门提供决策依据。【方法】 采用国际权威检索数据库《科学引文索引》《工程索引》《科技会议录引文索引》、Scopus数据库、《医学索引》《社会科学引文索引》以及《中国科技论文与引文数据库》的数据,对中国卓越科技论文、中国科技论文数量及引用、学科和地区分布、国际合著论文、中国科研机构创新发展、基金项目论文和社会科学论文情况进行统计分析。【结果】 2018年中国卓越科技论文数量为31.59万篇,较2017年提高了12.4%;根据《科学引文索引》数据,2018年中国作者共计发表论文41.82万篇,连续10年位居世界第2,仅次于美国;2009—2019年(截至2019年10月),中国论文的总被引频次为2845.23万次,与2008—2018年相比,增加了25.2%,位居世界第2;中国平均每篇论文被引用10.92次,比2008—2018年提高了9.2%,但是仍低于世界平均值12.68次/篇。【结论】 近年来,中国科技论文数量增长迅速,论文影响力的提升速度也相对较快,但篇均被引频次与世界平均值相比还有较大差距。